Types of
responses
Learned behavior
In a way that they learned we
call this learned behavior. Learned behavior. Response to a stimuli that an
animal was taught.
Instinct
In a way they were just born knowing how to
do. We call this instinct. An animal natural reaction to a stimulus. It is
automatic reaction that the animal was not taught to do.
Judgment versus
sentiments
The distinction
between what we call “judgment” where there is correct response and
“sentiments” which involves preferences is very basis. Sentiment cover personal
reaction preferences, interests, attitudes, values, likes and dislikes. There
are correct versus incorrect answers to “How much is two plus two?” and which
of the two weights is heavier. There may also be degrees of correctness, as in
line length judgments of visual illusion. In contrast sentiments e.g. rating
how much you like a boiled cabbage on a seven category likert scale. Answering
the questions which would you rather do, organize a club or work on a stamp
collection. Rank ordering ten celebrities in terms of preferences. A subject in
neither correct nor incorrect for preferring chocolate ice cream to vanilla ice
cream.
Ability tests nearly always employ
judgments regardless of whether an essay, short answer, multiple choice
questions or true false format is used. Conversely test of interests inherently
concerns sentiments as the subjects identified liked and disliked attributes.
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